27 RITCHIE’S FABULAE FACILES TRANSLATION - HERCULES 27 - THE FATE OF PHOLUS with NOTES AND INTERLINEAR TRANSLATION

HERCULES 27 - THE FATE OF PHOLUS

This vase painting shows Hercules and Pholus shaking hands.  The one below is of Hercules fighting with a centaur.
a)

Postquam reliquí fúgérunt, Pholus ex spéluncá égressus est, et corpora spectábat eórum quí sagittís interfectí erant. Mágnopere autem mírátus
est quod tam leví vulnere exanimátí erant, et causam éius reí quaerébat.
Adiit igitur locum ubi cadáver cúiusdam centaurí iacébat, et sagittam é vulnere tráxit. Haec tamen síve cású síve cónsilió deórum é manibus éius lapsa est, et pedem leviter vulnerávit. Ille extempló dolórem gravem per omnia membra sénsit, et post breve tempus ví venéní exanimátus est. Mox Herculés, quí reliquós centaurós secútus erat, ad spéluncam rediit, et mágnó cum dolóre Pholum mortuum vídit. Multís cum lacrimís corpus amící ad sepultúram dedit; tum, postquam alterum póculum víní exhausit, somnó
sé dedit.

b)

Some words have been chosen for special consideration and are listed below. For the words not included in this list please refer to the WORDLIST in PAGES TOP RIGHT SIDE BAR.

ex spelunca – ablative (of physical separation) after the preposition ex.

Egressus est – perfect tense of the deponent verb egredior, -gredi, -gressus (e + gradior) meaning ‘to go out or go forth' (also to go ashore or disembark). Remember it looks passive but is active so it means ‘he went out’.

Corpora – accusative plural of the third declension neuter noun corpus (body), direct object of the verb ‘he saw’, meaning therefore ‘he saw the bodies’.

Sagittis – ablative of instrument meaning ‘with/by the arrows’.

Eorum – masculine plural genitive of pronoun is meaning ‘of those (men)’ – see is, ea, id GRAMMAR NOTES, left top of sidebar under PAGES.

Magnopere – irregular adverb ‘greatly’.

Miratus est – he wondered, from the deponent verb miror, -ari, -atus, 'to wonder, to wonder at'.

Vulnere – ablative of neuter third declension noun vulnus, vulneris, 'with/by a wound'. 

Eius rei – genitive singular of pronoun is (see is, ea, id GRAMMAR NOTES top left sidebar under PAGES) with genitive of rem, 5^th declension feminine noun meaning ‘of this matter’

Adiit – perfect tense from ad-eo, -ire, -ii, -itus, go to, approach, meaning thereore ‘he approached’.

Locum - the direct object of adiit, which is here transitive, ‘he approached the place etc’.

Cuiusdam – genitive singular of the indefinite pronoun quidam ‘a certain’ meaning therefore ‘of a certain …’.

E vulnere – ablative of separation after e, ‘out of the wound’.

Sive … sive – followed by the ablative case whether by this, or whether by that’.  

cású  - ablative case of casus, adverb, ‘by chance, accidentally’.

Extemplo - adverb, ‘immediately, straightway, at once’.

Vi veneni – ablative of means, ‘by the power of the poison’.

Secutus erat – pluperfect tense of deponent verb sequor, meaning ‘he had followed’.

Magno cum dolore – ‘with great grief’, notice the word order, the preposition is sandwiched between the noun and its adjective. This also occurs in the the following sentence, multis cum lacrimis ‘with many tears’.

Ad sepulturam dedit – gave (his friend) up to burial, i.e. buried him.

Somno se dedit – gave himself up to sleep, i.e. went to sleep.

c)

Note: This section is not translated into idiomatic English but is intended, together with the notes, to give you the gist of the meaning; you can then come up with your own improved translation.

Postquam reliquí fúgérunt,

After the rest fled,

Pholus ex spéluncá égressus est,

Pholus came out of the cave,

et corpora spectábat eórum

and looked at the bodies of those

quí sagittís interfectí erant.

Who had been killed by the arrows.

Mágnopere autem mírátus est

But he was greatly surpised

quod tam leví vulnere exanimátí erant,

because the dead were so lightly wounded

et causam éius reí quaerébat.

And he enquired as to the cause of this

Adiit igitur locum ubi cadáver

He therefore approached where the dead body

cúiusdam centaurí iacébat,

of a certain centaur was lying,

et sagittam é vulnere tráxit.

And drew the arrow out of the wound.

Haec tamen síve cású síve cónsilió deórum

This however, whether by accident or whether by an act of the gods

é manibus éius lapsa est,

fell from his hands,

et pedem leviter vulnerávit.

And lightly wounded his foot.

Ille extempló dolórem gravem per omnia membra sénsit,

He immediately felt great pain throughtout his limbs,

et post breve tempus ví venéní exanimátus est.

and after a short time he was killed by the power of the poison.

Mox Herculés, quí reliquós centaurós secútus erat,

Soon Hercules, who had followed the rest of the centaurs,

ad spéluncam rediit,

came back to the cave,

et mágnó cum dolóre Pholum mortuum vídit.

And with great grief saw Pholus dead.

Multís cum lacrimís corpus amící ad sepultúram dedit;

With many tears he gave the body of his friend up to burial;

tum, postquam alterum póculum víní exhausit,

then, after he drained another glass of wine,

somnó sé dedit.

He gave  himself up to sleep.

d) The following section is as a) but without the macrons for you to copy and translate.

Postquam reliqui fugerunt,

Pholus ex spelunca egressus est,

et corpora spectabat eorum

qui sagittis interfecti erant.

Magnopere autem miratus est

quod tam levi vulnere exanimati erant,

et causam eius rei quaerebat.

Adiit igitur locum ubi cadaver

cuiusdam centauri iacebat,

et sagittam e vulnere traxit.

Haec tamen sive casu sive consilio deorum

e manibus eius lapsa est,

et pedem leviter vulneravit.

Ille extemplo dolorem gravem

per omnia membra sensit,

et post breve tempus vi veneni exanimatus est.

Mox Hercules, qui reliquos centauros secutus erat,

ad speluncam rediit,

et magno cum dolore Pholum mortuum vidit.

Multis cum lacrimis corpus amici ad sepulturam dedit;

tum, postquam alterum poculum vini exhausit,

somno se dedit.